Skill
Manual Ventilation
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The selected category is identified by a yellow outline and a "Selected section" label.
Relative contraindications
Use individualized risk-benefit assessment, added precautions, or a modified approach as authorized for the patient and setting.
- Severe facial trauma, poor mask seal, upper-airway obstruction, aspiration risk, or very low pulmonary compliance may make mask ventilation difficult and require rapid escalation.
Sources
Supporting sources include peer-reviewed research, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, professional standards, and foundational respiratory care references, as applicable to the skill.
- Kleinman ME, Buick JE, Huber N, et al. Part 7: Adult Basic Life Support: 2025 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2025;152(16_suppl_2):S448-S478. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001369. PMID:41122888.
- Wigginton JG, Agarwal S, Bartos JA, et al. Part 9: Adult Advanced Life Support: 2025 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2025;152(16_suppl_2):S538-S577. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001376. PMID:41122884.
