Respiratory Cloud Clinical Skills Library

Evidence and source review

References

Supporting sources include peer-reviewed research, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, professional standards, and foundational respiratory care references, as applicable to the skill.

Skill

Oral Endotracheal Intubation

  1. Ahmad I, El-Boghdadly K, Iliff H, et al. Difficult Airway Society 2025 guidelines for management of unanticipated difficult tracheal intubation in adults. Br J Anaesth. 2026;136(1):283-307. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2025.10.006. PMID:41203471.
  2. Apfelbaum JL, Hagberg CA, Connis RT, et al. 2022 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway. Anesthesiology. 2022;136(1):31-81. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000004002. PMID:34762729.
  3. Hansel J, et al. Clinical tests for confirming tracheal intubation or excluding oesophageal intubation: a diagnostic test accuracy systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaesthesia. 2023;78(8):1020-1030. PMID:37325847.
  4. Wigginton JG, Agarwal S, Bartos JA, et al. Part 9: Adult Advanced Life Support: 2025 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2025;152(16_suppl_2):S538-S577. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000001376. PMID:41122884.